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| 1809 |
| | | Ranjit Singh, maharaja of the Punjab, agrees an eastern boundary between himself and the British in the Treaty of Amritsar | |
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| 1817 |
| | | British officers, hoping to shoot a tiger, come across the forgotten Buddhist caves of Ajanta | |
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| 1819 |
| | | The Sikh maharajah of the Punjab, Ranjit Singh, conquers Kashmir, beginning a century and a half of Sikh dominance in the region | |
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| c. 1825 |
| | | Plans are made for a horse-drawn railroad into the East India Docks, but it is not built | |
|  | Proposed horse-drawn railroad, c.1825
Guildhall Library
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| 1839 |
| | | The British seize the strategic port of Aden and administer it as a province annexed to India | |
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| 1842 |
| | | The British abandon Kabul, losing most of the garrison force in the withdrawal to India and bringing to an end the first Anglo-Afghan war | |
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| 1845 |
| | | The first Anglo-Sikh war breaks out between Sikh forces in the Punjab and encroaching forces of Britain's East India Company | |
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| 1846 |
| | | The first Anglo-Sikh war ends with the Treaty of Lahore, by which Jammu and Kashmir are ceded to the British | |
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| 1848 |
| | | The second Anglo-Sikh war begins when a British army invades the Punjab to suppress a local uprising | |
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| 1849 |
| | | A British victory at the Battle of Gujarat effectively ends the second Anglo-Sikh war, and is followed by annexation of the Punjab | |
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